JHSM
Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine

Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine (JHSM) is an unbiased, peer-reviewed, and open access international medical journal. The Journal publishes interesting clinical and experimental research conducted in all fields of medicine, interesting case reports, and clinical images, invited reviews, editorials, letters, comments, and related knowledge.

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Original Article
Impact of fetal sex combinations on maternal, pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes in dichorionic twin pregnancies
Abstract
Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of concordance and discordance in fetal sex on maternal, pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes in dichorionic twin pregnancies.
Methods: This retrospective cohort analysis includes DCDA twin pregnancies delivered at Ankara Etlik City Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024. Pregnancies were categorized into three distinct groups according to the combinations of fetal gender: male-male (group 1), female-female (group 2), and male-female (group 3). Maternal demographic, pregnancy, and neonatal outcome data were compared. Composite adverse perinatal outcome (CAPO) was defined as severe neonatal complications. Chi-square, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and post-hoc analyses were applied with confounder adjustment.
Results: Male-male pregnancies were also characterized by significantly increased maternal age, BMI, parity, and diabetic disease rates compared with female-female pregnancies (p<0.05). Neonatal outcomes indicated a considerable increase in biparietal diameter, head circumference, and abdominal circumference in group 1 and group 3 pregnancies compared with group 2 pregnancies (p<0.01). Additionally, male babies from discordant pregnancies weighed considerably more at birth compared to children born from concordant pregnancies (p=0.04); no notable differences were seen in female infants (p=0.84). Gestational age at birth, preterm labor percentages, and neonatal intensive care unit admission were comparable among groups (p>0.05). CAPO rates did not vary between groups significantly (p=0.396).
Conclusion: Fetal sex combinations impact neonatal and maternal outcomes of dichorionic twin gestations in varying patterns that differ in male-male versus male-female pregnancies. Greater multicenter numbers are necessary to validate the observations and investigate more fully their consequences for maximally optimizing antenatal treatment and further enhancing perinatal outcome for twin pregnancy.

Keywords : Fetal sex combinations, dichorionic twin pregnancies, maternal and neonatal outcomes

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Article available in :
Volume 8, Issue 2, 2025
Page : 313-318
https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1628682
Article Information
Received : 28 Oca 2025
Accepted : 26 Şub 2025
Published : 21 Mar 2025
Corresponding Author :

Nazan Vanlı Tonyalı: Department of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkiye

[email protected]
Citation : Vanlı Tonyalı, Karabay G, Tokgöz Çakır B, et al. Impact of fetal sex combinations on maternal, pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes in dichorionic twin pregnancies. J Health Sci Med. 2025;8(2):313-318.

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